GLOSSARY OF PERIODS Georgian (1714-1830) This term is often misused as shorthand for the jewelry of Europe from the 18th and 19th centuries, and not for its literal, historical definition, referring to the reigns of King George I through IV of England. This period in jewelry is marked by ingenuity, lightness, fashion, sentimentality, opulence, and classicism, and these attributes can be seen in the wide array of materials and techniques used. Featuring stones and materials such as rose-cut diamonds, topaz, aquamarines, amethyst, garnet, chrysolite, paste, gold, silver, cut-steel, and Berlin Iron, Georgian jewelry makers’ goal was to create colorful beauty for daylight and sparkle for candlelight. Popular motifs included bows, ribbons, flora, fauna, snakes and classic references. Victorian (1837-1900) Queen Victoria was not a fashion trendsetter, but her passion for jewelry had a significant impact on the public throughout her long sovereignty, which is marked by many changes and advancements in jewelry design and consumerism. The jewelry from the early part of her monarchy is considered romantic and sentimental, with the use of semi-precious stones as well as diamonds, and frequently including hidden and overt symbolism. Intellectual pursuits and travel, especially the Grand Tour, were exceedingly popular throughout the century, and imparted a major influence on jewelry design, in both motif and advanced craftsmanship. Art Nouveau (1880-1914) The noble cause of Art Nouveau artisans was to beautify everyday objects using natural forms, namely those of the female form and the plant and animal kingdoms. They took their cue from Arts & Crafts, Baroque, and Oriental genres, and jewelry from the period is unique, easy to identify, and seems as fresh and appealing today as it was in its heyday.
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